Publications

Relationship between cumulative silica exposure and silicosis: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis

6 August, 2024

Article

Silicosis, a chronic respiratory disease caused by crystalline silica exposure, is a persistent global lung health issue. No systematic review of the relationship between cumulative respirable crystalline silica (RCS) exposure and silicosis exists. UK exposure limits are currently under review. We therefore performed a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of this relationship.

Retrospective diagnostic accuracy study of Abbott RealTime MTB against Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra and Xpert MTB/RIF for the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis and susceptibility to Rifampin and Isoniazid treatment

18 August, 2021

Article

High-throughput centralized testing for tuberculosis (TB) and drug resistance is important, but comparative data are limited. In this retrospective cross-sectional study, participants were recruited from Johannesburg, South Africa, and Tbilisi, Georgia. The index tests, Abbott RealTime MTB (RT-MTB) and RealTime MTB RIF/INH (RT-MTB RIF/INH), were performed on specimens stored frozen for an extended period of time (beyond manufacturer-validated specifications) and compared to paired Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra (Xpert Ultra) and Xpert MTB/RIF (Xpert) results obtained with fresh specimens.

Silicosis and silicotuberculosis among respiratory hospital admissions: A cross-sectional survey in northern Tanzania

1 September, 2023

Article

Our study suggests that silicosis and silicotuberculosis are common among male and female respiratory inpatients with occupational exposure. The study highlights the role of occupational exposures in respiratory disease in developing economies.

The immunopathogenesis of tuberculous pericarditis

21 February, 2020

Article

Tuberculous pericarditis is a severe form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis and is the commonest cause of pericardial effusion in high incidence settings. Mortality ranges between 8 and 34%, and it is the leading cause of pericardial constriction in Africa and Asia. Current understanding of the disease is based on models derived from studies performed in the 1940–50s. This review summarises recent advances in the histology, microbiology and immunology of tuberculous pericarditis, with special focus on the effect of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and the determinants of constriction.